Fig. 1: TGEV infection destroys the integrity of intestinal architecture and disrupts intestinal homeostasis.

a Representative H&E stained cross-section showing villous atrophy and enterocytes shedding in TGEV-infected intestine. Scale bar, 100 μm. b Quantification of villous height (n = 150) and crypt depth (n = 150) in TGEV-infected jejunum (n = 3). c Western blot for junction protein Zo-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 of jejunum from control and TGEV-infected piglets. Actin serves as a control. d Quantitation of bands to demonstrate the protein level of Zo-1. e, f Jejunal cross-section stained with KI67 (Scale bars, 100 μm) and quantification of the proliferation cells per crypt (n = 150) and villus (n = 150). g Cross-section of jejunum from control and TGEV-infected piglets stained with Tunel (the white arrows show cell apoptosis in crypt; Scale bars, 100 μm). h Quantification of necrotic cells per crypt (n = 150) and villus (n = 150).