Fig. 3: TG2 mediates IMQ-induced IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL20 expression in keratinocytes.

a WT and TG2−/− mice (n = 11/group) were treated with IMQ for four consecutive days. Cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels in the back skin epidermis were measured by RT-PCR. b, c Primary keratinocytes prepared from WT and TG2−/− mice were treated with IMQ (200 μM) or Aldara cream (25 μM) for 3 h. Ccl20, Il6, and Cxcl1 mRNA (b) and protein levels in the media (c) were measured by RT-PCR and a multiplex cytometric bead array, respectively (n = 3/group). d, e HaCaT cells stably transfected with control and TG2 shRNA were treated with IMQ (200 μM) or Aldara cream (25 μM). IL6, CXCL8, and CCL20 mRNA (d) and protein levels in the media (e) were measured by RT-PCR after 3 h and a multiplex cytometric bead array after 6 h, respectively. Protein levels were normalized to total cellular soluble protein (n = 3/group). f Human primary keratinocytes stably transfected with control or TG2 shRNA were treated with IMQ (200 μM; n = 3). IL6, CXCL8, and CCL20 mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR after 3 h. Data represent the mean ± SEM (n = 3/group). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.