Fig. 4: Miconazole effects on NO generation and inflammation in LPS-treated cultured astrocytes and microglial BV2 cells.

The NO generation levels were measured in 24-h LPS-treated (1 μg/mL) cultured astrocytes (a) and microglial BV2 cells (b) pretreated with MCZ (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM) for 1 h. COX-2, GFAP, and Iba-1 proteins were detected by western blotting using specific antibodies in cultured astrocytes (c) and microglial BV2 cells (d). β-actin levels were measured to confirm equal protein loading. All experiments were performed three times with duplicate. The values on the western blot bands represent the arbitrary density measured by ImageJ. Significant difference from the control group (t-test, p < 0.05). #Significant difference from the LPS-treated group (p < 0.05). *Significant difference from the MCZ-treated group (p < 0.05).