Fig. 2: Glucose-induced vascular constriction is dependent on mitochondrial oxidation in VSMCs.

A Glucose (10, 30 mM) and Glu-Ins (10 mM glucose +10 nM insulin) induced vascular constriction in isolated thoracic aortas with intact endothelium or with denuded endothelium. The aortas were pretreated with PE. Typical tension curves of thoracic aortas were shown in the left, and the quantified results were shown in right. Osmotic pressure was adjusted with mannitol. *, vs. saline. n = 6. B, C Glucose (B) or Glu-Ins (C) induced MLC phosphorylation, which was blocked by α-CCA in cultured VSMCs. n = 5. D α-CCA pretreatment blocked the effects of Glu-Ins on induction of vascular constriction in isolated thoracic aortas. The aortas were pretreated with PE. n = 6. E Pyruvate induced vascular constriction in isolated thoracic aortas. The aortas were pretreated with PE. n = 6. Error bars represent SEM. *P < 0.05. **P < 0.01.