Fig. 5: α-synuclein PFF-mediated transcriptional activation in astrocytes requires RIPK1 and RIPK3.
From: Fibrillar α-synuclein induces neurotoxic astrocyte activation via RIP kinase signaling and NF-κB
a–j Primary human midbrain astrocyte cultures were treated for 24 h with PFFs or PBS control solution. Cultures were pretreated (30 min) with inhibitors of RIPK3 (GSK872), RIPK1 (GSK963), or MLKL (NSA) signaling prior to the addition of PFFs. a–f, h–k Levels of indicated transcripts were measured using qRT-PCR. g Levels of CXCL10 protein in culture supernatants were measured via ELISA. ns not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Bars represent group means. n = 3–6 independent replicates for all experiments.
