Table 2 Targeting EVs or inoculating engineered exosomes in antitumor therapies.
From: Extracellular vesicles and immunogenic stress in cancer
Target | Drug | Cancer type | Notes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ANXA2 | ch2448 | Breast cancer Ovarian cancer | Kill tumor cells by ADCC or ADC routes. | |
Ginsenoside compound K | Astroglial cancer liver cancer | Inhibit the activation of NF-кB. | [61] | |
CD39 | NTPDase | Liver cancer | Stimulate the antitumor immunity and decrease the metastatic of tumor cells. | [72] |
CD73 | Anti-CD73 antibody | Breast cancer | Inhibit the metastases as well as migration of tumor cell. | |
MEDI9447 | Solid tumors | Combine with anti-PD-L1 therapy. | NCT02503774 | |
Relapsed ovarian cancer | Combine with MEDI0562, Tremelilumab, and Durvalumab. | NCT03267589 | ||
HMGB1 | HMG Box-A | Mesothelioma | Suppresses the viability, migration, and growth of tumor cells, and decreases the growth of mesothelioma tumors in a xenograft mice model. | |
EP | DLBCL Gastric cancer Liver cancer Prostate cancer Gallbladder cancer | Downregulated the expression of HMGB1 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Src. | ||
Triptolide | Breast cancer | Downregulated the expressions of TLR4 and phosphorylated NF-κB p65. | [53] | |
miR-22 | Osteosarcoma | Reversion the resistance of tumor cells in chemotherapy by targeting the 3′ UTR of HMGB1. | [54] | |
Ceramides | Alpha-galactosyl ceramide | Solid tumors | Enhances the activation of T cells by dendritic cells | [75] |
HSPs | RP101 Quercetin | Oral cancer Glioblastoma | Enhance the anticancer therapeutic effects in various cell lines including oral cancer and glioblastoma | |
NW457 | Conditional reprogramming cells | Induce the apoptosis | [109] | |
Ganetespib | Pancreatic cancer | As a radiosensitizer in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by modulating the STAT3, HIF-1α as well as AKT-driven pathways | [110] | |
DNA | exo-mtDNA | Breast cancer | Treatment with exo-mtDNA could reverse the drug resistance of tumor cells. | [88] |
RNA | miR-1246 inhibitor | Ovarian cancer | Combine with chemotherapy led to reduced tumor burden in vivo. | [91] |
PEI/siRNA complexes | Prostate cancer | Inhibit the growth of tumor cells | [92] |
