Fig. 6: LNMSCs rescue immunosuppressed phenotypes in CTX-induced mice.

A The morphology of immune organs (spleen, thymus and lymph nodes) decreased in CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, and recovered after treatment with LNMSCs. Scale bar = 1 cm. B–D The immune indices of the spleen, thymus and lymph nodes decreased in CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, and recovered after treatment with LNMSCs. n = 3–4 (B–D). E The pathological changes of spleens in CTX-induced mice. Scale bar = 1 mm. F, G CCK8 assay showed the viability of T cells and B cells of spleens recovered after treatment with LNMSCs. n = 3–4 (F, G). H The apoptotic rate of CD3⁺ T cells in the spleen decreased after treatment with LNMSCs and increased after treatment with BMMSCs. n = 3–4. I Immunofluorescence staining showed LNMSCs promoted the proliferation of T cells in spleens, while BMMSCs exhibited opposite effects. LNMSCs suppressed the death of T cells in spleens, while BMSCs induced it. Scale bar = 20 μm. J, K ELISA analysis showed MCP-1 significantly increased in serum and spleens of LNMSC-treated CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice. n = 3-4 (J, K). L, M Immunofluorescence staining and flow analysis showed I-LNMSCs and LNMSCs pre-treated with MCP-1 siRNA increased T-cell apoptosis and failed to promote T-cell proliferation in spleens of CTX-induced mice. Scale bar = 20 μm. n = 3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.