Fig. 1: Increased expression of PTX3 in the synovium and articular cartilage of OA patients and OA mice.

A Differentially expressed mRNAs in macrophages from TSC1KO and WT mice [17]. B Safranin O/fast green staining (upper) and immunofluorescence (IF) of PTX3 (lower) of human knee cartilage from the medial (OA) and lateral (controls) tibial plateau of OA patients. Scale bar: 50 µm, 200 µm. C Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) (upper) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of PTX3 (lower) of human synovial tissues from patients with no history of arthritis and OA patients. Scale bar: 50 µm, 200 µm. D Quantification of PTX3 in human knee cartilage of the medial and lateral tibial plateau described in B, n = 5 per group. E Quantification of PTX3 in human synovium described in C, n = 5 per group. F Safranin O/fast green staining (upper) and IHC of PTX3 (lower) of knee cartilage from controls and OA mice at 8 weeks post destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Scale bar: 100 µm. G H&E (upper) and IHC of PTX3 (lower) of synovial tissues from controls and 8 weeks old-DMM-OA mice. Scale bar: 100 µm. H Quantification of PTX3 in knee cartilage described in (F), n = 5 per group. I Quantification of PTX3 in synovial tissues described in G, n = 5 per group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns not significant. Data are shown as means ± SD. Statistical analyses were conducted by unpaired t-test. Boxed area is enlarged in the top right corner.