Fig. 4: The role of G4 in ROS-mediated regulation of telomere function.

OG can activate telomerase by destabilizing DNA G4 structures and inducing Tg structure at thymine (T), which alters the conformation of original G4 to enhance telomerase binding. Meanwhile, mNeil3 can inhibit the formation of Tg, thereby maintaining the stability of the original G4 structure. On the other hand, OG can reduce telomere G4 stability, unfold their structure, and reduce the rejection of POT1, thereby maintaining the integrity and function of DNA telomeres.