Table 1 Principal modulators of copper metabolism.

From: Copper homeostasis and copper-induced cell death in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and therapeutic strategies

Molecular

Function

Ref.

CTR1

Transport of copper as a transmembrane solute carrier

[132]

CP

Copper-containing enzyme protein, antioxidant

[133]

SOD1

Copper-containing enzyme protein, antioxidant metalloenzyme

[134]

ATOX1

Copper chaperone protein

[135]

ATP7A

Transport copper

[136]

ATP7B

Transport copper

[136]

STEAP

Metalloreductase, reduce copper

[137]

  1. ATOX1 antioxidant 1, ATP7A ATPase copper transporting alpha, ATP7B ATPase copper transporting beta, CP ceruloplasmin, CTR1 copper transporter 1, SOD1 superoxide dismutase 1, STEAP six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate.
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