Fig. 2: Recruitment and polarization of TAMs.
From: Exosome-based nanoimmunotherapy targeting TAMs, a promising strategy for glioma

TAMs consist of residual microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Various molecules are associated with the recruitment and polarization of TAMs. Under different stimuli, macrophages show distinct phenotypes, which can be roughly divided into immunosuppressive M2 phenotype (There’s significant upregulation of STAT3, PD-L1, Arg-1, CECR1, Romo1, etc.) and immune-stimulating M1 phenotype. (By Figdraw).