Fig. 2: Characterization of the heterogeneous malignant cell clusters in AEG.

A UMAP plot showing malignant and normal epithelial cell clusters (left panel) derived from either adjacent or tumor tissues (right panel). B Heatmap showing the large-scale chromosomal CNVs predicted from inferCNV to identify malignant cell clusters. C Expression of marker genes to distinguish malignant and normal epithelial cells. D Expression of histological markers of gastrointestinal tract to identify normal epithelial cell clusters. E Heatmap showing the distinct enrichment of functional pathways for malignant and normal epithelial clusters. F GSEA analysis revealing enrichment of oncogenic signaling pathways in malignant cells compared to normal epithelial cells.