Fig. 1: IL-33 promotes M2 macrophage polarization through the IL-33/ST2L/NF-κB/ST2L axis.

Correlation analysis of IL-33 mRNA expression level (A) or ST2 mRNA expression level (B) with M2 macrophage infiltration in LUAD (n = 515) and LUSC (n = 501) using the TIMER2.0 database. RT-qPCR analysis of Fizz1 (C) and ST2L (D) mRNA expression in THP-1 macrophages treated with rIL-33 (100 ng/mL) and/or rIL-13, 20 ng/mL for 48 h. E qPCR analysis of ST2L mRNA expression in THP-1 macrophages treated with p38 inhibitor (SB202190, 0.5 mM), JNK inhibitor (SP600125, 0.5 mM), MEK inhibitor (U0126, 0.5 mM) or NF-κB inhibitor (BAY11-7082, 1 mM) during rIL-33 (100 ng/mL) and/or rIL-13, 20 ng/mL treatment. F Predicted NF-κB binding sites at the ST2L promoter by PROMO website. G, H ChIP-qPCR analysis of p-p65 binding to the ST2L promoter in M2 macrophages treated with or without rIL-33 (100 ng/mL) for 24 h. I Luciferase reporter assay of WT ST2L promoter or mutant ST2L promoter with base substitution at the NF-κB motif. Data are presented as mean ± SD, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Student’s t test.