Fig. 7: The regulator network of SPHK1 in promoting bladder cancer progression with potential targeted therapeutic strategy.
From: SPHK1 promotes bladder cancer metastasis via PD-L2/c-Src/FAK signaling cascade
In bladder cancer cells, SPHK1 phosphorylates sphingosine into S1P and then stimulated its receptors activation for further PD-L2 gene expression through Akt/β-catenin-axis. Furthermore, elevated-PD-L2 facilitates c-Src/FAK complex for promoting bladder cancer migration, invasion, and metastasis. Meanwhile, the clinically FDA-approved SPHK1 inhibitor, FTY720, attenuates the SPHK1-elicited cancer metastasis, suggesting that SPHK1 could be a potential target as novel target therapy for metastatic bladder cancer treatment.
