Fig. 8: YY1-dependent transcriptional activation of FBXO33 in GBC depends on YY1 lactylation modification.

A Western blot detected the effect of lactate (25 mM) on YY1 protein. RT-qPCR and Western blot detected the effect of lactate on FBXO33 mRNA (B) and FBXO33 protein (C). D, E Co-IP detected the effect of lactate on YY1 protein lactylation modification. F, G Co-IP detected the effect of lactate on YY1 protein lactylation modification after mutation of YY1 protein K183 lactylation modification site. Western blot and RT-qPCR detected the effect of lactate on FBXO33 protein (H) and FBXO33 mRNA (I) after mutation of YY1 protein K183 lactylation modification site. J WT-PRO and MUT-PRO plasmids were transfected into Flag-WT-YY1 and Flag-K183R-YY1, and after 48 h, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to assess the effect of lactate on fluorescence values in each group. K ChIP-qPCR detected the effect of lactate on the enrichment of YY1 in the FBXO33 promoter region in Flag-WT-YY1 group and Flag-K183R-YY1 group. Error bars represent the mean (n = 3) ±SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.