Fig. 3: DDR2 enhances the ferroptosis sensitivity of lens epithelial cells.

a–c Quantitative PCR (a) and Western blotting (b, c) analyses display the mRNA and protein levels of DDR2 after transduction using the DDR2 overexpressing lentivirus (qPCR, n = 5; Western blotting, n = 3). d Cell viability of DDR2-OE cells assessed by CCK-8 after 24 h treatment with varying concentrations of Erastin and RSL3 (n = 5). e–j Measurements of reactive oxygen species (e), lipid peroxidation (f, g), Fe2+ (h, i), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (j) levels using DCFH-DA probe, C11-BODIPY staining (n = 5), FerroOrange staining (n = 5) and an MDA assay kit (n = 5), respectively. Control and DDR2-OE cells were pretreated with 1 μM Erastin or RSL3 for 24 h. The quantification methods of FerroOrange and C11-BODIPY staining are as same as the description in Fig. 1. Scale bars: 100 μm. Band densities for Western blotting were normalized to the GAPDH for statistical analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Multiple unpaired t-tests with False Discovery Rate post comparisons (d) and unpaired t-tests (a, c, g, i, j) were used. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001.