Fig. 6: HRH1-knockdown suppresses tumor growth and cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis of OSCC in orthotopic mouse models.

A, B Luciferase-tagged SAS/shCtrl or SAS/shHRH1 cells were orthotopically injected into NOD/SCID mice (n = 6). Luciferase activity images are shown in (A). The quantitative analysis of Xenogen imaging signal intensity (photons/s/cm2/sr) is shown in (B). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared to the control group. C Gross appearance of orthotopic tumors 21 days after injecting SAS/shCtrl or SAS/shHRH1 cells. Scale bar = 0.5 cm. D Cervical LN metastasis (red circle indicated) was bioluminescent imaging at the end of the study (left panel) with the mean signal for each group indicated (right panel). **p < 0.01, compared to the control group. E Kaplan–Meier survival curves for mice injected with HRH1-depleted SAS cells or control cells (n = 10). p values were analyzed by a log-rank test. F SAS xenografts with or without HRH1-knockdown were isolated to detect expressions of HRH1, ADAM9, vimentin, and E-cadherin by IHC staining. Original magnification, 400 × Scale bar, 30 µm.