Fig. 1: MlklAdi-KO mice display reduced obesity and increased energy expenditure under HFD conditions.

Experimental setup: MlklAdi-KO and WT mice were fed either a NCD (n = 4 per group) or an HFD (n = 5 per group) for 15 weeks. Following this period, mice were transferred to metabolic cages for 1 week of monitoring. a Weekly body weight gain throughout the 15-week intervention. b Final body weight (end-point) after 16 weeks of feeding under HFD and NCD conditions. c Fat mass assessed via EchoMRI analysis. d Lean mass assessed via EchoMRI analysis. e Whole energy expenditure and (f) average energy expenditure (EE), measured in metabolic cages during both the daylight (inactive) and nighttime (active) periods. Energy expenditure is expressed as kilocalories expended per hour per kilogram of body weight (kcal/h/kg BW). Statistical analysis: results are presented as mean ± SEM. Comparisons were analyzed using multiple t tests (a–e) and unpaired t tests (b–d and f). Normality was verified with the Shapiro–Wilk test and homoscedasticity with the F-test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.