Fig. 8: vlPOAVGAT → DMH pathway activation increases post-ischemic neuronal survival and preserves astrocytic homeostasis. | Cell Death & Disease

Fig. 8: vlPOAVGAT → DMH pathway activation increases post-ischemic neuronal survival and preserves astrocytic homeostasis.

From: GABAergic ventrolateral preoptic projection to dorsomedial hypothalamus recapitulates post-ischemic neuroprotection by hypothermia

Fig. 8: vlPOAVGAT → DMH pathway activation increases post-ischemic neuronal survival and preserves astrocytic homeostasis.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

A Representative photomicrographs showing the effect of optogenetic vlPOAVGAT → DMH pathway activation on neuronal survival and astroglial responses evaluated by NeuN and GFAP immunolabeling in mice exposed to 30 min MCAo followed by 72 h reperfusion. Quantification of B neuronal survival and C astroglial GFAP immunoreactivity in stimulated vlPOAVGAT:ChR2 mice (n = 7) compared to vlPOAVGAT:GFP control mice (n = 7). D Representative photomicrographs and E, F quantification of PKM2 immunoreactivity, a marker of “neurotoxic” astrocytes, in GFAP+ astrocytes and GFAP- cells (nuclei counterstained with DAPI). Note that optogenetic vlPOAVGAT → DMH activation reduced PKM2 expression, indicative that astrocytes retained their homeostatic state (n = 17–18 ROIs in n = 4 mice per group). Scale bars: 50 µm. Data are mean ± SEM values. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

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