Fig. 4: Evaluation of UPR in the mammary gland involution. | Cell Death Discovery

Fig. 4: Evaluation of UPR in the mammary gland involution.

From: Autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR) regulate mammary gland involution by restraining apoptosis-driven irreversible changes

Fig. 4

a Expression of UPR genes Grp78, Atf4, Atf6, Xbp1 (unspliced form), and Chop/Ddit3 was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Lactating mammary gland (involution 0 h) was used as a control, and the expression of each gene at each time point is presented as fold-change relative to control. The horizontal black bar/arrow shows the involution switch from reversible to irreversible stage, which has occurred by 72 h after forced weaning (A, B). b Western analysis of UPR proteins GRP78, ATF4, ATF6, XBP1 (unspliced form), phospho-eIF2a, and CHOP/DDIT3. The vertical bar indicates the involution 0 h (B, Western blot inset). Results at each time point show average ± SD, n = 3. c GRP78 and d CHOP/DDIT3-specific staining (IHC) at different time points during involution and in virgin control mammary glands. All slides were photographed using Olympus BX 61 microscope and 10× magnification (C, D)

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