Fig. 3: Curcumin induces caspase activation in Ana2014 cells.

a Western blot presenting the cleaved forms of caspase 3, caspase 8 and PARP upon curcumin treatment at various concentrations (5, 10, and 20 µM) for 24 h. Change in the expression level of the IKKb, Bcl2, and p-Bad upon curcumin treatment at various concentrations (5, 10, and 20 µM) for 24 h, b fold change in the expression of IKKb, Bcl2, and p-Bad upon curcumin treatment after normalization of western blot data, c After curcumin treatment, the activities of caspase 3 and caspase 8 were recorded. The activity of caspase 3 and caspase 8 were shown in the presence and absence of their inhibitors after 20 µM curcumin treatment. d Western blot showing the amount of cytochrome c present in cytoplasm after 20 µM curcumin treatment at different time points (6 h and 12 h). N = 3. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * represents p < 0.05, ** represents p < 0.01, and *** represents p < 0.001, compared with the untreated group