Fig. 2: Origins, contents and roles of extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases. | Cell Death Discovery

Fig. 2: Origins, contents and roles of extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases.

From: Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases

Fig. 2

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be released by cardiovascular system-related cells, such as cardiomyocytes, endotheliocytes, fibroblasts, platelets, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), leukocytes, monocytes and macrophages. On the one hand, EVs play biological roles in maintaining normal cardiac structure and function under physiological conditions. On the other hand, EVs change their composition under pathological conditions and contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Therefore, EVs hold tremendous potential to monitor and treat CVDs.

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