Fig. 1: Characterization and identification of exosomes from PA-treated hepatocytes.

Exosomes were isolated from culture media of vehicle-treated or palmitic acid (PA; 0.4 mM; 16 h)-treated hepatocytes. A TEM was used to observe the morphology of exosomes (Scale bar = 100 nm). B Nanoparticle tracking analysis was performed to analyze the exosomes. C Western blot was performed to detect exosomal surface markers CD9 and CD63.