Fig. 5: ECM1-HF-MSCs inhibit the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and activation of HSCs in vitro.

A The quiescent murine hepatic stellate cell line JS1. B Activated JS1 cells. Scale bar = 50 μm. C Western blotting analysis of a-SMA, TGF-β, and p-Smad2/3 in all groups. D–F Semiquantitative analysis of the pathway proteins and a-SMA. Data are shown as the means ± SDs (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).