Fig. 2: Influence of VEN on apoptosis induction.

A Cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of VEN for 72 h before staining with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide and subsequent flow cytometry. Mean ± SD of 1–4 biological replicates; two-way ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. Asterisks indicate significance compared to the respective DMSO control. B Dose-response curves (nonlinear regression, curve fit) of cell lines incubated with increasing concentrations of VEN for 72 h. Apoptotic cells were assessed by AnnV/PI staining and flow cytometry and early and late apoptotic/necrotic) cells were added to calculate the amount of apoptotic cells. Mean ± SD of 1–4 biological replicates. C Protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 was analyzed by intracellular flow cytometry after 48 h incubation with 2.5 nM (RS4;11) or 10 nM (SEM) VEN or DMSO (control). Mean ± SD of three biological replicates; paired t-test.