Fig. 6: CUR5g inhibited proliferation and migration of A549 cells, but did not induce apoptosis or necrosis.

A Cell number was monitored over 96 h in a real-time manner using an xCELLigence RTCA S16 System. Cell-sensor impedance is displayed as the cell index. CUR5g (0–20 μM) was added after the cells were seeded into the plates for 24 h. B MTT assays. C Representative images of colony formation assay of A549 cells treated with DMSO or CUR5g (10 μM) for 12 days. At the end, the colonies were fixed and stained with crystal violet. Histogram shows the relative colony survival. (n = 3; **p < 0.01 vs. Control). D Flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle in A549 cells treated with CUR5g (10 μM) for 0, 12, or 24 h, respectively. E The effect of DMSO or CUR5g (10 μM) on the migratory potential of A549 cells was analyzed through a wound-healing assay. Microscopy photographs were taken after treatment for 0, 24, or 48 h, respectively. Scale bar = 100 μm. Histogram showed the wound closure rate. (n = 3; *p < 0.05 vs. control). F Flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining in A549 cells treated with DMSO or CUR5g (10 μM) for 24 h. G Western blot analysis of cleaved PARP1 and cleaved Caspase-3 in A549 cells treated with DMSO or CUR5g (10 μM) for 24 h. GAPDH was used as a loading control. H Bar graph shows the relative LDH activity in A549 cells treated with DMSO or CUR5g (10 μM) for 24 h.