Table 1 Effects of selenium on prostate cancer.
From: Ferroptosis landscape in prostate cancer from molecular and metabolic perspective
Study | Year | Source | Numbed of patients | Age (years) | Follow-up (years) | Findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Randomized controlled trial | 2011 | USA | 423 | >40 | 3 | Selenium benefited selenium-deficient men but did not prevent PCa in selenium-replete men | [57] |
Randomized controlled trial | 2009 | USA | 35,533 | >50 | 5.5 | Selenium did not prevent PCa in the generally healthy, heterogeneous population of men | [48] |
Randomized controlled trial | 2013 | USA | 699 | <80 | 5 | Selenium had no significant effect on PCa incidence and PSA velocity | [49] |
Randomized controlled trial | 1998 | USA | 974 | NA | 6.5 | Selenium intake significantly reduced PCa risk | [50] |
Case–control | 1998 | USA | 51,529 | 40–75 | 8 | Higher selenium levels were associated with a reduced risk of advanced PCa | [51] |
Randomized controlled trial | 2019 | New Zealand | 572 | 20–80 | 0.5 | Significant negative correlation between selenium changes and PSA changes in men below the median age, never smoke, carrying the GPX1 rs1050450 T allele, dietary intakes above the recommended daily intake (RDI) for zinc, and below the RDI for vitamin B12 | [55] |
Randomized controlled trial | 1996 | USA | 1312 | 18–80 | 6.4 | Selenium supplementation was associated with significant reduction in PCa incidence and mortality | [52] |
Randomized controlled trial | 2014 | USA | 4856 | >50 | 5.5 | Selenium supplementation did not benefit men with low selenium status but increased the risk of high-grade PCa among men with high selenium status | [53] |
Randomized controlled trial | 2014 | USA | 5001 | >50 | 5.5 | The link between PCa risk and selenium supplementation could be modified by NKX3.1 genotype | [56] |
Mendelian randomization analysis | 2018 | PRACTICAL Consortium | 72,729 | NA | NA | Selenium supplementation may adversely affect the risk of advanced prostate cancer | [54] |
