Table 1 TCMs to improve neuroinflammation and pyroptosis after stroke.
From: Targeting pyroptosis as a preventive and therapeutic approach for stroke
TCM drugs | Sources | Effects | Target points | Models | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chrysophanol | Rheum Palmatum L. | Inhibits M1-type microglia activation and TRAF6-dependent pyroptosis | TRAF6/NLRP3 | MCAO; OGD/R | |
Isoquercetin | Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott | Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and reduces neuronal apoptosis | TLR4/NLRP3; Caspase-3; Nrf2 | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
Baicalin | Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi | Protects glutamine synthetase, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory | AMPK/NLRP3; ROS | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
Astragaloside IV | Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge | Inhibition of pyroptosis and regulation of autophagy | Nrf2/NLRP3; GSDMD; LC3 | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
Resveratrol | Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. | Regulation of M1/M2 microglia, regulation of autophagy, and anti-apoptosis | PGC-1α; Sirt1; JAK2/STAT3/PI3K/AKT/mTOR | MCRO/R; OGD | |
Mangiferin | Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. | Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic | TLR4/NLRP3; SIRT1/PGC-1α | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
Salidroside | Rhodiola rosea L. | Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic | TLR4/NLRP3; Bax/Bcl-2; Nrf2/Trx1 | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
Schisandrin B | Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. | Inhibits neuroinflammation and reduces pyroptosis | NF-κB/NLRP3; | MCAO/R | |
Berberine | Coptis chinensis Franch. | Inhibits neuroinflammation and reduces pyroptosis | PPAR-γ/NLRP3; GSDMD | OGD | [121] |
Astilbin | Astilbe chinensis (Maxim.) Franch. et Savat. | Inhibits neuroinflammation and reduces apoptosis | TLR4/NLRP3; Caspase-3 | MCAO; OGD | [122] |
Medioresinol | Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. | Improves BBB integrity and inhibits pyroptosis | PGC-1α/PPARα; GSDMD | MCAO; OGD/R | [58] |
Ginkgo diterpene lactones | Ginkgo biloba L. | Inhibits astrocyte activation, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant | TLR4/NF-κB; AKT/Nrf2 | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
6-Gingerol | Zingiber officinale Rosc. | Inhibits neuroinflammation and apoptosis and upregulates autophagy | TLR4/NLRP3;TRPV1/FAF1; Akt-mTOR-STAT3 | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
Ruscogenin | Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl. | Inhibits neuroinflammation and improves BBB integrity | ROS-NLRP3; TXNIP; MAPK; ICAM-1 | MCAO/R; OGD/R | |
Dendrobium alkaloids | Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo | Inhibits pyroptosis | Caspase-1; GSDMD | OGD/R |
