Fig. 3: The mechanisms of ferroptosis-related miRNA regulating tumor metastasis.

Ferroptosis-related miRNA relates to tumor metastasis by influencing tumor cells (EMT, CSCs, and exosome), immune cells, cytokines, and angiogenesis. A miR-15a-3p targets Twist1 to regulate E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and c-fos expression, which induces mesenchymal cell morphology and enhances tumor migration and metastasis. B miR-214-3p suppresses CSC by directly targeting the yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and activating the Hippo signaling pathway. C miR-522 derived from CAFs exosome targets ALOX15 in tumor cells to inhibit the production of ROS, and increasing the chemoresistance of cancer cells. D miR-19a-3p alters the metabolic reprogramming of CD8 + T cells by targeting SLC6A8-mediated creatine import, causing immune evasion. E miR-129-5p targets BST2 and suppress M2 macrophage polarization, thus increasing the development of cervical cancer. F miR-9 can directly target the 3’UTR of SOX7 and inhibit the transcriptional activity of SOX7 mRNA, thereby promoting TGF-β1-induced NSCLC cell metastasis. G miR-129-5p could inhibit the metastasis of gastric cancer cells by downregulating IL-8 expression. H miRNA-17-92 targets zinc lipoprotein A20-ACSL4 axis, protects endothelial cells from ferroptosis and facilitates angiogenesis. (I) miR-375 inhibits PDGFC and then inhibits the tumor angiogenesis.