Fig. 1: Efficiency and specificity of PAD1 down-regulation.

A RT-qPCR of RHEs transduced by sh-ctrl, shPADI1_1, and shPADI1_2. Relative mRNA steady states of PADI1 and PADI3 are reported, other PADI mRNA were undetectable (Cycle threshold, Ct > 35). B–D Expression of PAD1, deiminated proteins, and actin. B Western blot analysis of total extract RHEs transduced by sh-ctrl, shPADI1_1, and shPADI1_2. C PAD1 immunofluorescence of RHE sections after transduction by sh-ctrl, shPADI1_1, and shPADI1_2. Representation using a LUT scale reported to highlight the down-regulation of PAD1 in shPADI1_1 and shPADI1_2 compared to sh-ctrl RHEs. D sh-ctrl, shPADI1_1, and shPADI1_2 RHEs were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence to localize deiminated proteins (AMC staining) in situ. The line at the bottom represents the polycarbonate filter. SC Stratum corneum, LL living cell layers. Scale bars, 10 µm.