Fig. 8: The synergism of delayed step-by-step decompression and pyroptotic inhibitor DSF therapy reduce pyroptosis and apoptosis-associated molecules expression of skeletal muscle in CI.

a WB analyses GSDMD, N-GSDMD, Casp-3, cleaved-Casp-3 protein expression in the skeletal muscle under different groups. b ELISA analyses IL-1β expression in serum. c IHC staining analyses the representative effectors of pyroptotic (N-GSDMD, cleaved-IL-1β) and apoptotic (cleaved-Casp-3, cleaved-PARP) in skeletal muscle tissues of different groups (original magnification: 400×; scale bar: 100 μm). One-way ANOVA was used in (b) (n = 6). d Schematic diagram of cell pyroptosis and apoptosis mechanisms during injured skeletal muscle decompression in CI. In the skeletal muscle of CI, I/R injury caused by direct decompression (CI/R) will seriously damage skeletal muscle through NLRP3/Casp-1/GSDMD pyroptosis signaling pathway and the Casp-3/PARP apoptosis signaling pathway. However, delayed step-by-step decompression or pyroptotic inhibitor DSF significantly alleviates skeletal muscle damage by inhibiting the NLRP3/Casp-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway but not altering the Casp-3/PARP apoptosis pathway. Moreover, the synergism of delayed step-by-step decompression and DSF therapy reduce the activation of pyroptosis and apoptosis pathways in the skeletal muscle of CI.