Fig. 4: FOXD1 affects the proliferation, senescence, and apoptosis of HNSCC cells by regulating the level of p21 protein.

A Western blot analysis verified the successful establishment of stable strains with simultaneous overexpression of FOXD1 and p21. The (B) EdU, (C) CCK-8, and (D) colony formation experiments revealed that p21 overexpression decreased cancer cell proliferation ability in SCC25 and FaDu cells. E SA-β-gal staining and (F) apoptosis assays showed that p21 overexpression increased the proportions of senescent and apoptotic HNSCC cells. FOXD1 forkhead box D1, HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, EdU 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine, SA-β-gal senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, SEM standard error of the mean.