Fig. 2: The primary type and mechanism of DNA methylation.
From: Methylation in cornea and corneal diseases: a systematic review
DNA methylation is catalyzed by DNMTs, facilitating the transfer of methyl groups from SAM to the fifth carbon of DNA cytosine residues. This results in the chemical modification of methyl groups through covalent bonding. The role of methylation modifiers such as “writers” (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B), “erasers” (TETs) and “readers” (MBD1-2), have been widely reported, with some of them also participating in CDs. (Figure was created with BioRender.com).
