Fig. 1: Induction of pancreatic cancer cells killing by CLDN18.2 CAR-T and RT.

A Schematic of the vectors encoding CLDN18.2 CAR and experimental plan of events. B overexpressed CLDN18.2 panc02 or wild panc02 cells were mixed with CLDN18.2 CAR or control T cells at various effector: target ratios for 18 h followed by quantification of target cell killing. C Tumor cell viability 48 hr after exposure to various doses of radiation. CLDN18.2 panc02 cells were exposured to various doses of radiation (0 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 8 Gy, 10 Gy), the cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay after 48 h. D Principal component analysis of gene expression of target cells 6 h after various doses of RT. E Enrichment analysis for gene sets in GO and KEGG in the differentially expressed genes characteristic for the RT groups. Colors in the scatter diagram represent the level of significance of the enrichment (−log 10 of the adjusted p values). F Clustering and gene expression network chart (red, high; blue, low) with names of strongest genes discriminating the non-RT group. G BAX, CDKN1A, AURKA and AURKB mRNA expression in the tumor samples after exposure RT. Data in (C, G) presented as the mean ± SD, n = 5–6, statistically significant differences were calculated by two-tailed Student’s t test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.