Fig. 2: Role of MMP1 in tumorigenesis and its association with key signaling pathways.

A Gene enrichment analysis based on the Hallmark and KEGG metabolic gene sets shows significant enrichment of the EMT and TNFα/NF-κB signaling pathways in the high MMP1 expression group. B–G PROGENy algorithm results validating the upregulation of TNFα and NF-κB signaling pathways in tumors with high MMP1 expression. H Positive correlation between MMP1 expression and TNF levels across multiple tumor types, indicating a potential regulatory relationship. I Positive correlation between MMP1 expression and EMT score.