Fig. 3: The mechanisms of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, as well as the formation of the PANoptosome. | Cell Death Discovery

Fig. 3: The mechanisms of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, as well as the formation of the PANoptosome.

From: Killing hepatocellular carcinoma in the NAFLD/NASH stage: a comprehensive perspective on targeting regulated cell death

Fig. 3: The mechanisms of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, as well as the formation of the PANoptosome.

A The mechanisms of apoptosis, including extrinsic and intrinsic pathway. B The mechanisms of necroptosis C The mechanisms of pyroptosis. In the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, BIM, PUMA, and tBID exhibit high affinity for all pro-survival proteins, and NOXA only binds to MCL-1 and A1/BFL-1, while BAD, BIK, and HRK primarily bind to BCL-XL, with occasional binding to BCL-2 and BCL-W. D Different sensors can recognize distinct stimuli and subsequently recruit key proteins from apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis pathways to collectively form a corresponding PANoptosome. This complex typically consists of sensors, adapter proteins, and catalytic effectors, functioning as a molecular scaffold. Ultimately, this multifunctional platform orchestrates PANoptosis, comprising apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, leading to programmed cell death.

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