Fig. 4: TKT accelerates RCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.

A, B Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays assessing the impact of TKT knockdown/ overexpression on RCC cell proliferation in 786-O and ACHN cells. C Western blot validation of TKT knockdown in stable 786-O and ACHN cell lines. D–F Effect of TKT knockdown in ACHN cells on the xenograft model was assessed by evaluating tumor weight and tumor volume. G IHC analysis of Ki-67 expression and quantification of Ki-67-positive cells in TKT-overexpressing xenograft tumors. H Western blot validation of TKT overexpression in stable 786-O and ACHN cell lines. I–K Effect of TKT overexpression in ACHN cells on the xenograft model was assessed by evaluating tumor weight and tumor volume. L Ki-67 IHC analysis in the TKT-overexpressing lung metastasis model, with quantification of Ki-67-positive cells. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.