Fig. 1: GFAT in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and its regulators.
From: Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) in the pathology of diseases: a review
GFAT, encoded by the GFPT gene, is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the HBP. GFAT regulation occurs at multiple levels, such as allosteric control by metabolites, post-translational modifications, and modulation of mRNA and protein expression, ensuring close coordination with other metabolic processes and enabling effective cellular responses to fluctuations in nutrient levels and other external or internal signals.
