Table 1 Differences between GFAT1 and GFAT2 isoforms in humans.
From: Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) in the pathology of diseases: a review
Feature | GFAT1 | GFAT2 |
|---|---|---|
Length | 699 amino acids | 682 amino acids |
Mass | 78 kDa | 77 kDa |
Chromosomal location | 2p13.3 | 5q35.3 |
Subcellular location | cytosol | cytosol |
Tissue specificity | Ubiquitously expressed; higher in muscle, heart, placenta, pancreas, and testis [24, 25, 27, 28] | Predominantly in the central nervous system, especially the spinal cord [24] |
Function | Regulates the entry of glucose into the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. Important for controlling the supply of substrates for N- and O-linked protein glycosylation. Influences the circadian rhythms of clock genes BMAL1 and CRY1. Helps manage the metabolic changes of cytosolic UDP-GlcNAc and its role in hyaluronan production during tissue remodeling [29]. | Manages the flow of glucose into the hexosamine pathway. Likely involved in maintaining the supply of substrates necessary for N- and O-linked protein glycosylation. |
