Fig. 5: Osteogenic differentiation is modulated by PREP through engagement with the β-catenin signaling cascade.

A Western blotting to assess changes in protein expression of Wnt pathway-related genes after PREP knockout. B PCR to examine changes in mRNA expression of Wnt pathway-related genes after PREP knockout. C Western blotting to evaluate changes in protein expression of Wnt pathway-related genes after PREP overexpression. D PCR to investigate changes in mRNA expression of Wnt pathway-related genes after PREP overexpression. E ALP and ARS staining to assess the impact of IWR-1 on osteogenic differentiation in PREP knockout BMSCs. F Western blotting to investigate the impact of IWR-1 on the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins and the Wnt pathway in PREP knockout BMSCs. G Measurement of ALP activity to determine the influence of IWR-1 on ALP activity in PREP knockout BMSCs. H PCR analysis of the effect of IWR-1 on the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes (RUNX2, OSTERIX, OCN, and ALP) in PREP knockout BMSCs. I ALP and ARS staining to assess the effect of SLK2001 on osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs with overexpressed PREP. J Measurement of ALP activity to determine the influence of SLK2001 on ALP activity in BMSCs with overexpressed PREP. K PCR analysis of the effect of SLK2001 on the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes (RUNX2, OSTERIX, OCN, and ALP) in BMSCs with overexpressed PREP. L Western blotting to investigate the impact of SLK2001 on the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins and the Wnt pathway in BMSCs with overexpressed PREP. n = 5, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 by t test.