Fig. 7: Passive and active DNA demethylation during reprogramming. | Cell Discovery

Fig. 7: Passive and active DNA demethylation during reprogramming.

From: Hemi-methylated CpG sites connect Dnmt1-knockdown-induced and Tet1-induced DNA demethylation during somatic cell reprogramming

Fig. 7: Passive and active DNA demethylation during reprogramming.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Suppressing Dnmt1 with sh-Dnmt1 induces passive DNA demethylation by impairing the methylation of CpG sites on strand newly synthesized during the S phase. The over-expression of Tet1 induces active DNA demethylation by demethylating both hemi-methylated and full-methylated CpG sites. TET1 has higher abilities to demethylate hemi-methylated CpG sites than full-methylated CpG sites. b Both passive and active DNA demethylation were enriched at core pluripotency loci and promoted somatic cell reprogramming in the absence of Vc. Because of the higher abilities of active DNA demethylation than passive DNA demethylation to open the chromatin structure and regulate gene expression and the abilities of Vc to increase the demethylation activity of TET1, the over-expression of Tet1-induced demethylation genes that promoted the EMT, up-regulated these genes, and impaired reprogramming in the presence of Vc

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