Fig. 4: The microbiota in AH from patients with cataract, AMD, and glaucoma.

a Relative abundance of the six major phyla of bacteria in the intraocular metagenomes in patients with cataract (N = 41), AMD (N = 20), or glaucoma (N = 26). b The alpha diversity (measured by Shannon index) of the intraocular metagenomes in patients with cataract, AMD, and glaucoma. The error bar represents the mean of all Shannon index within the disease group ± SEM. The statistical difference was measured between patients with cataract and each of other disease groups, respectively. Mann-Whitney U test significance levels are denoted by asterisks (*P < 0.05). c PCoA of the similarity of the intraocular metagenomes in patients with cataract (N = 30), AMD (N = 18), and glaucoma (N = 16). The Bray Curtis distance was used and P value was calculated using PERMANOVA test. d Hierarchical clustering analysis of the functional genes in the intraocular metagenomes in patients with cataract (N = 30), AMD (N = 18), and glaucoma (N = 16).