Fig. 3: LyomRNA-Omicron could simultaneously activate high levels of humoral and cellular immunity. | Cell Discovery

Fig. 3: LyomRNA-Omicron could simultaneously activate high levels of humoral and cellular immunity.

From: Lyophilized mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccines with long-term stability and high antigenicity against SARS-CoV-2

Fig. 3: LyomRNA-Omicron could simultaneously activate high levels of humoral and cellular immunity.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a, b C57BL/6N mice (n = 10) received two muscular injections of different doses of LyomRNA-Omicron. The time of the first dose was considered as D0, and the second dose was given at D21. Plasma Omicron RBD-specific IgG binding antibody titers (a) and titers of pseudovirus neutralizing antibodies at different time points following the first dose (b) are shown. c, d C57BL/6N mice were vaccinated with 5 μg of LyomRNA-Omicron or 0.65 U of the inactivated vaccine at an interval of 21 days. The spleens were obtained 28 days after the second shot for ICS. The control mice received normal saline. The frequencies of IL2/IFN-γ/IL4/IL5-positive CD4+ T cells and IL2/IFN-γ-positive CD8+ killer cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron NTD-RBD peptide (c) or wild-type NTD–RBD peptide (d) were detected. e, f New Zealand rabbits, received two muscular injections of vaccines at an interval of 21 days. The plasma-neutralizing antibodies for pseudoviruses (e) and pseudoviruses of all Omicron variants at a dose of 50 μg (f) were detected 14 days after the last immunization. g Six-year-old monkeys were immunized twice with 50 μg of LyomRNA-Omicron (n = 3) at a 3-week interval. Blood samples were collected before and after vaccination. Neutralizing antibodies against the wild-type, Omicron variant BA.1 and BA.2 were tested by a VSV-pseudovirus-based system. Immunogenicity data were collected at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the first dose of LyomRNA-Omicron. a, b, e, f Group comparisons were made by Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. c, d Vaccine groups were compared by a two-sided Mann–Whitney test. ns, not significant. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Data are presented as the geometric means ± 95% confidence interval (a, b, e, f, g) or geometric means ± geometric SD (c, d). Dotted lines represent assay limits of detection for a, b, e, f and plasma pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titers of control monkeys without immunization for g.

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