Fig. 4: Browsing NMM knowledge on the ShennongAlpha Web.

Users can initiate their exploration of NMM knowledge by using the search bar located either on the homepage (①) or atop other pages (②). Post-search, users are directed to the search page where they can glance through the title (③) and summarized information (④) of each NMM entry to ascertain its relevance. The search page also offers an advanced search mode (⑤), allowing users to quickly find NMMs that share common components of their Systematic Names (Supplementary Fig. S6). By clicking on the title of an entry, users are navigated to a detailed knowledge page dedicated to that specific NMM. The header of this knowledge page (⑥) displays the Systematic Name of the NMM, while the main content area (⑦) is organized in a structured, section-by-section layout (Supplementary Figs. S7, S8). The “Table of Contents” sidebar (⑧) enables swift navigation between sections. To facilitate cross-language accessibility for global users, the Web offers four display modes (⑨): Bilingual (Chinese-English), Bilingual (English-Chinese), Chinese only, and English only (Supplementary Fig. S9). The “Save” button (⑩) allows users to bookmark the knowledge page to their user profile page (⑪; Supplementary Fig. S10). To encourage academic references, the “Cite” button (⑫) offers citation formats in styles such as APA, MLA, GB/T 7714-2015, and BibTeX. The “Download” button (⑬) enables users to download the knowledge page’s content in JSON format. Furthermore, with the “Leave your name and knowledge!” button (⑭), users can propose new or revised NMM-related knowledge. Contributions can also be made directly via the “Edit Content” button (⑮), allowing users to modify the content of each section and submit it to ShennongAlpha for review (Supplementary Fig. S12). To view past modifications, the “Show Edit History” button (⑯) provides access to all historical changes. Approved user contributions are then integrated into the ShennongAlpha Knowledge Base, and contributors are recognized and acknowledged in the “Contributors” area (⑰), where their usernames and avatars are displayed. Users can navigate to the ShennongChat (⑱; Fig. 5), ShennongTranslate (⑲; Fig. 6), and ShennongName (⑳; Fig. 3) applications in ShennongAlpha, as well as the detailed rules of the Systematic Nomenclature for NMMs (), directly from the homepage or through the header navigation bar on any page of the Web.