Fig. 4: Transcriptomic identification of different arterial VEC populations in human embryos. | Cell Research

Fig. 4: Transcriptomic identification of different arterial VEC populations in human embryos.

From: Heterogeneity in endothelial cells and widespread venous arterialization during early vascular development in mammals

Fig. 4: Transcriptomic identification of different arterial VEC populations in human embryos.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a UMAP plots showing integrated analysis of VECs from mouse and human embryos by STRT-seq. The human EP3 and EP5 combination was renamed as human arterial VEC1 (hAEC1), EP7 as hAEC2, and EP6 as human venous VEC (hVeEC), corresponding to the mouse EP3 and EP5 combination (mAEC1), EP7 (mAEC2), and EP6 (mVeEC), respectively. b Bar graph showing the proportion of each human cluster at the corresponding locations and stages. CS, Carnegie stage. c Dot plot showing the expression levels of top ten marker genes for each of the three indicated human VEC populations. Note that hAEC1 and hAEC2 shared several classical arterial genes, whereas hAEC1 specifically overrepresented GJA5 and HEY2. Known arterial and venous genes are indicated in red and green, respectively. d The top ten enriched GO biological process terms of hAEC1 (upper) and hAEC2 (lower). Dot color indicates the statistical significance of the enrichment and dot size represents the number of genes annotated to each term. e, f Dot plots showing the average expression level and expression percentage of the top ten (all included if less than ten) conserved genes for each of the three types of arteriovenous VECs as indicated by arrows (e) and those of the nine conserved arterial genes, when defined as significantly overrepresented in all the four comparisons (two arterial clusters respectively compared to the corresponding venous cluster in both human and mouse) (f). Size of the dot represents the percentage of cells expressing the indicated gene within a cluster, and color indicates the average expression level of the gene within a cluster. Genes are listed in ascending order of Fisher’s combined P value from independent P values of human and mouse datasets. Genes encoding transcription factors are underlined. g UMAP plots showing integrated analysis of three embryonic VEC-related datasets from human and mouse embryos and sequenced by using STRT-seq and 10× Genomics methods.

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