Fig. 7: Structural variations in the RPAD locus in Asian and African rice.

a SVs in the RPAD locus. The red, purple, blue, and black boxes respectively represent zinc-finger (ZNF) genes, EAR motif mutated ZNFs, C2H2 domain mutated ZNFs, and ZNFs with TE insertions. The dotted black lines indicate orthologous relationships. Gray regions indicate collinear sequences. Blue arrows and the corresponding dashed lines indicate deletion sites. Black triangles and P1−P10 indicate the positions and names of the primers used for validation of variations in RPAD locus. b Plant architecture of the control (GIL28) and the transgenic plants of ObZNF1–ObZNF9. Scale bars, 10 cm. c, d Comparison of the tiller angle (c) and tiller number (d) between the control and transgenic plants transformed with the indicated ObZNFs (n = 10). The letters indicate statistical significance assessed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey's test (P <  0.05) (c, d).