Fig. 2: IGF-1 stimulation enhanced myotube differentiation and HARS release from HSkMC.
From: Serum-circulating His-tRNA synthetase inhibits organ-targeted immune responses
a HSkMC were treated with IGF-1 or PBS during differentiation days 0–2, 0–4, or 0–6 with medium renewal every 2 days. Cells were fixed on differentiation days 2, 4, or 6 for staining (representative images shown) and analysis of myotube area (panel b). c HARS in the medium was accumulated for the last two days before harvest and was quantified by ELISA. The results are shown as the mean ± SEM. For myotube area, fusion index and nuclei number, n = 20 images. For HARS release, n = 3 biological replicates. The p-values of <0.05 (*) or 0.001 (***) are indicated. d Western blot analysis showed an increase in extracellular HARS but not MARS or Tubulin proteins in the HSkMC medium upon IGF-1 treatment.
