Fig. 1
From: Tumor extracellular vesicles mediate anti-PD-L1 therapy resistance by decoying anti-PD-L1
TEV PD-L1 competes with PD-L1 on tumor cells to bind αPD-L1. a, b MC38-EVs and PC3-EVs (1 μg) (a) or MC38 and PC3 cells (1 × 105) (b) were coincubated with the indicated doses of αPD-L1 in 100 μl of medium for 30 min. Then, PD-L1 on EVs (a) or cells (b) was detected by flow cytometry. c A total of 1 × 105 MC38 and PC3 cells were coincubated with αPD-L1CV with or without the corresponding EVs at the indicated doses in 100 μl of medium for 30 min. Then, PD-L1 on the cells was detected by flow cytometry. d, e A total of 1 × 105 MC38 cells were coincubated with αPD-L1CV (d) or αPD-L1Exe (e) in the presence of the indicated doses of MC38 Pdl1−/−-EVs (d) or MC38-EVs (e) in 100 μl of medium for 30 min. Then, PD-L1 on MC38 cells was detected by flow cytometry. The αPD-L1 for coincubation and detection recognizes the same epitope in PD-L1. Representative results from three independent experiments are shown (n = 3). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test; mean and s.d.)
