Fig. 1

Transcriptomic comparison of COVID-19 patients and animal models. A KEGG enrichment analysis of genes with upregulated expression in COVID-19 patients and animal models. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were computed for each comparison against their respective controls. Specifically, the genes with upregulated expression were subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis using clusterProfiler [216]. B For the purpose of similarity comparison, the KEGG enrichment results were dichotomized based on significance (P ≤ 0.05 represented as 1, and P > 0.05 represented 0). Subsequently, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for the dichotomized matrix and visualized using ggplot2