Fig. 5

The temporal variation of immune aging is associated with distinct changes to HSC lineage biases. A Distribution of changes in the lineage bias of all HSC clones between the pre-divergent (9 months post-transplantation) and the end time points of the mice. A Gaussian kernel density estimate of the distribution is shown. The light gray area represents the distribution of all the clones. The blue curve shows the Gaussian fit for lineage stable clones. The remaining clones are highlighted by the pink curve. The black vertical dashed line shows the cutoff between lineage stable and lineage shifting clones that is set at the intersection of the black and pink curves. B Numbers of lineage stable and lineage shifting clones in the early and delayed aging groups. The dashed lines illustrate the thresholds that separate lineage stable and lineage shifting clones, as determined in A. Clone numbers are shown on a “symlog” scale with a linear scale ranging between 0 and 50. C Fractions of lineage stable, anti-aging and aging clones in early (n = 9) and delayed (n = 9) aging mice. D Heatmap showing the fraction of lymphoid-biased, myeloid-biased, and balanced clones whose lineage biases had shifted or remained stable by the end time point. The lineage bias category is determined by data from the pre-divergent time point. The median of all the mice in each group is shown. E Contribution of lineage stable and lineage  shifting clones to granulocytes and B cells in the peripheral blood at the end of the study. C, E Data are presented as the mean ± SEM; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD pairwise comparison within a group; Bonferroni-adjusted independent Student’s t test between groups. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001